Alchemy is a powerful and difficul art. Each Alchemist specializes in one type of alchemy i.e. Metal, Sand, fire, ect. In order to perform alchemy, the user needs an alchemical circle as well as a source (No stuff like Edward where he didn't need circles!). Example: Roy Mustang from the Canon was the Flame Alchemist. He wore special gloves made of flint which created a spark when he snapped (creating the source) and the back of the gloves contained the circles for his techniques. Some techniques may require unique circles. Each technique must be made in order for them to be used in battle (no free forming techniques in battle)
As I mentioned, each Alchemist specializes in one type of alchemy. Until we get alot of members on the site, no two alchemists may perform the same type of alchemy i.e. There can be only one Flame Alchemist at a time. If the Flame Alchemist were to die, then another Flame Alchemist may be created.